When it comes to impressive architectural works, the One Pillar Pagoda cannot be overlooked. In 2012, the Asia Book of Records officially recognized it as “The Most Unique Architectural Pagoda in Asia.” Designed to resemble a lotus blossom rising from the water, it symbolizes the purity and nobility of Buddhist teachings.
One Pillar Pagoda
The One Pillar Pagoda, an iconic landmark in Hanoi, is a masterpiece of Vietnamese architecture and history. Known for its unique design and deep cultural significance, this ancient site attracts countless visitors seeking to explore its beauty and heritage.
Let’s delve into everything you need to know about this one-of-a-kind pagoda, from its intriguing history to nearby attractions.
Table of Contents
I. Introduction to the One Pillar Pagoda
1. Location, Opening Hours, and Entrance Fee
Where is the One Pillar Pagoda? The One Pillar Pagoda is located in Ba Dinh District, on the street of the same name. It is situated just behind Ong Ich Khiem Street, within the complex of the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and Ba Dinh Square. As a result, its visiting hours for tourists align with those of these two sites. The One Pillar Pagoda is open daily from 7:00 AM to 6:00 PM.
- Address: One Pillar Pagoda, Chua Mot Cot Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi.
- Opening Hours: 7:00 AM – 6:00 PM daily.
- Entrance Fee: International tourists visiting the site are charged an entrance fee of 25,000 VND per person.
One Pillar Pagoda – Located within the complex of Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and Ba Dinh Square
This makes it not only a historical treasure but also an affordable experience for anyone exploring Hanoi.
2. The History and Legend of the One Pillar Pagoda
The One Pillar Pagoda is known by various names such as Diên Hựu Tự, Liên Hoa Đài, or Chùa Mật. Built in 1049 during the reign of Emperor Ly Thai Tong, the One Pillar Pagoda was inspired by a vivid dream. The Emperor, who longed for an heir, dreamt of the Goddess of Mercy (Quan Am) handing him a baby boy while seated on a lotus flower. To honor this divine vision, he ordered the construction of the pagoda, designed to resemble a blooming lotus—a symbol of purity in Buddhism.
Historical archive photo of the One Pillar Pagoda (source: collected)
The One Pillar Pagoda has undergone several restorations during the Trần, Later Lê, and Nguyễn Dynasties. In 1954, the French army destroyed the pagoda with explosives before withdrawing from the capital. In 1955, the government rebuilt the pagoda based on a design by architect Nguyễn Bá Lăng, maintaining the structure on a smaller scale.
Despite these challenges, it has retained its spiritual and architectural significance, standing as a testament to Vietnam’s resilience and devotion.
3. What Makes the Architecture of the One Pillar Pagoda Unique?
The One Pillar Pagoda architecture is a marvel of Vietnamese design. It stands on a single stone pillar, which is said to represent the stem of a lotus flower. The pagoda’s wooden structure, resting on the pillar, is built in the shape of a lotus blossom. The structure of the One Pillar Pagoda includes the Lotus Platform, the roof, and the pillar:
- The pillar of the One Pillar Pagoda consists of two stacked stone columns, partially submerged in the pond, with the exposed section rising 4 meters above the water. It has a diameter of 1.2 meters, providing a solid foundation.
One Pillar Pagoda with its unique architecture
- The Lotus Platform is a square structure surrounded by railings, supported by the main pillar and auxiliary columns. Inside, it houses a gilded statue of Quan Am (the Goddess of Mercy) with a thousand eyes and hands, along with various ceremonial items such as lotus vases, ceramic urns, bronze incense burners, and a tea set. The altar is ornately decorated with cloud motifs and gilded carvings, topped with a red lacquered plaque inscribed with the golden words “Liên Hoa Đài” (Lotus Platform).
- The roof, covered with mossy red tiles, adds to the pagoda’s ancient charm. Each tile reflects the meticulous craftsmanship of its creators. Atop the roof sits the iconic “two dragons flanking the moon” motif, a traditional design in Vietnamese temples symbolizing fertility, harmony, and the balance of yin and yang. This feature embodies the spiritual and artistic heritage of Vietnam.
The pagoda has a small altar and a donation box inside
The pagoda is surrounded by a tranquil pond filled with water lilies and lotus flowers, enhancing its serene and sacred ambiance. In 1962, the One Pillar Pagoda complex was honored as a National Historical and Artistic Architectural Monument. In 2012, it received further recognition from the Asia Records Organization as “The Most Unique Architectural Pagoda in Asia.”
II. Explore Attractions Near the One Pillar Pagoda
Visiting the One Pillar Pagoda is just the beginning of your journey through Hanoi’s cultural and historical gems. The area surrounding the pagoda is rich with must-see landmarks, all within a short walking or driving distance. Here are some incredible spots to include in your itinerary:
- Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum:
Just steps away from the pagoda, the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum is a solemn and revered site where Vietnam’s beloved leader rests. - Ho Chi Minh Museum:
A visit to this museum will take you on a fascinating journey through Vietnam’s modern history. With its carefully curated exhibits, personal artifacts of Ho Chi Minh, and multimedia displays, the museum offers an insightful look at the life and legacy of Vietnam’s founding father.
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum
- Presidential Palace:
A short walk from the mausoleum leads you to the stunning Presidential Palace. Built during the French colonial period, its bright yellow façade and elegant architecture stand out amidst the surrounding greenery. Though visitors can’t enter the building, the palace grounds, with their lush gardens and peaceful fishponds, are perfect for a leisurely stroll and some memorable photos. - Temple of Literature:
Just a quick drive from the One Pillar Pagoda lies Vietnam’s first national university, the Temple of Literature. Dating back to 1070, this serene complex is dedicated to Confucius and honors scholars from ancient times.
Presidential Palace
III. Tips for Visiting the One Pillar Pagoda
To ensure a smooth and enjoyable visit, keep the following tips in mind:
- Dress Modestly: As a religious site, appropriate attire is required. Avoid wearing shorts or sleeveless tops.
- Plan Your Visit Early: The area can get crowded, especially during weekends and holidays. Arrive early to enjoy a quieter experience.
- Be Respectful: Observe the rules of the pagoda, such as no loud noises or disruptive behavior.
- Capture Memories Thoughtfully: Photography is allowed, but avoid using flash inside the pagoda to preserve its delicate features.
The One Pillar Pagoda isn’t just a historic site—it’s a journey into the heart of Vietnam’s culture and spirituality. Standing in its tranquil garden, surrounded by the calm of the lotus pond, you can’t help but feel a connection to something greater.
So, when you’re planning your Hanoi itinerary, make sure to carve out time for this unforgettable landmark. Let the One Pillar Pagoda inspire you, just as it has inspired generations before. Contact Lux Travel DMC for all your questions and inquiries!
